Agriculture is one of the key sectors of the country's economy, accounting for 7.8% of the GDP (according to 2024 data). Approximately 317,000 farms provide 90.8% of the gross agricultural output, with an average of about 1.48 hectares of land per farm. Furthermore, 17.6% of the total workforce in the Republic of Armenia is employed in the agricultural sector.

One of the main documents of the agrarian policy is the Strategy of the Main Directions Ensuring Economic Development in Agricultural Sector of the Republic of Armenia for 2020-2030, approved by the RA Government Decree N 1886-L of 19 December, 2019. Its vision for the next ten years is to have sustainable, innovative, high value-added agriculture in a harmony with the environment, ensuring care of natural resources, producing organic products and creating conditions for well-being of the people living in the village.

According to the Program of the Government of the Republic of Armenia, approved by Decree N 1363-A of August 18, 2021, the core of agricultural policy will be the intensification of agriculture, increasing productivity, the targeted use of land resources, and the efficient and economical use of water resources. It also focuses on raising the level of food security, developing animal husbandry and plant breeding, introducing modern technologies, promoting the sale and export of produced goods, and increasing the incomes of entities involved in the entire agricultural value chain, including peasant farms, cooperatives, and agri-processors.

In the medium term, state policy in the agricultural sector will be aimed at:

• Raising the level of agricultural intensification and introducing modern and innovative technologies;
• Developing intensive horticulture and promoting the production of high-value crops;
• Introduction of modern irrigation technologies;
• Targeted and efficient use of agricultural land, bringing unused lands back into circulation, and promoting land consolidation;
• Implementing insurance for agricultural crops;
• Modernizing agricultural machinery;
• Developing greenhouse farming;
• Promoting local seed production;
• Implementing a system for animal identification and registration;
• Introducing modern technologies in the livestock sector and developing pedigree animal breeding;
• Strengthening the production capacities of agri-processors and organizing efficient procurement processes;
• Improving legislation in the field of food safety;
• Implementing and operating an effective system for the prevention of animal and plant diseases.